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Mahatma Gandhi – His Chronology (कालक्रम) 1914

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YearMonthDayEvent / Incident
1914January1Gandhi wrote to Senator Campbell defending movement, denying passive resistance was connected with  violence. Sir Benjamin Robertson left Bombay en route for South Africa.
1914January2C.F. Andrews and W.W.Pearson arrived in Durban. Gandhi spoke at reception.
1914January2Cabled Gokhale about  Andrew’s arrival, effort for nominating impartial European on Commission.
1914January3In cable to Gokhale, asked for Harilal’s return to join passive resistance.
1914January4Addressed Indian  hawkers’ Association reception in honor of Andrews and Pearson.
1914January4Gave interview to  Reuter.
1914January5Hurbatsingh,  70-year-old satyagrahi serving 3 months’ sentence died of pneumonia in Volksrust  Gaol.
1914January7Gandhi, Andrews, left  for Pretoria for interview with Smuts.
1914JanuaryBefore 8Several Indians killed  in police firing at Blackburn Estates.
1914January8Gandhi sought  interview with Smuts.
1914January9Gandhi, Andrews  arrived in Pretoria; in interview to Pretoria News, assured that passive resisters  would not embarrass Government till railway strike was settled.
1914January11Benjamin Robertson  arrived in Durban.
1914January12Mrs. Sheikh Mehtab and  her mother, Haifa Bibi, released from Maritzburg Goal.
1914January13Gandhi had brief  interview with Smuts, who asked him to await Robertson’s arrival in Pretoria; Andrews  met Governor-general Gladstone.
1914January16Gandhi had interview with Smuts; presented proposals.
1914January20Several women  satyagrahis released from Durban Central goal.
1914JanuaryBefore 21Gandhi received  written statement from Pretoria Muslims and Hindus repudiating allegation of split on  issue of passive resistance.
1914January21Gandhi met Benjamin Robertson; wrote to Ministry of Interior that passive resistance would not be revived or  the Commission’s work otherwise hampered.
1914January22Andrews saw Smuts provisional settlement between Gandhi and Smuts arrived at, Government accepting principle  of consultation with Indians. Gandhi left Pretoria for Phoenix; passive resistance  suspended.
1914January23Arrived in  Johannesburg; interviewed by Rand Daily Mail; cabled Gokhale reporting provisional  settlement; set up office at 15, Anderson Street, Johannesburg; several passive resisters  released from Durban Goal.
1914January25Gandhi explained implications of settlement at Durban mass meeting which endorsed it.
1914January25Attended reception to  Andrews by Indian goldsmiths in Durban.
1914January26Indian Inquiry  Commission held first sitting in Durban.
1914January28Reuter reported NIC  meeting decision to tender evidence before Inquiry Commission.
1914January28Several Indian  Associations cabled Gokhale approval of ‘Provisional Settlement’.
1914January29Benjamin Robertson  testified before Commission.
1914January30Gandhi, Andrews  jointly cabled Gokhale that NIC meeting of January 28 had been engineered and was of no  significance.
1914January30Andrews, Manilal  Gandhi arrived at Pietermaritzburg.
1914January31India mass meeting at  Maritzburg honored Andrews, endorsed Gandhi-Smuts agreement.
1914February4Robertson visited  Phoenix settlement.
1914February6Gandhi was informed of  Government’s decision to release natal and Transvaal passive resistance prisoners.
1914February7India women’s  Sabha inaugurated in Durban.; Kasturba, Mrs.Polak elected patrons.
1914February7Inquiry Commission  concluded sitting in Natal.
1914February8Indian meeting in  Stanger supported Gandhi-Smuts agreement.
1914February9HIS (Hamidia Islamic  Society, Johannesburg) conveyed to Robertson resolution demanding settlement of marriage  question according to Mahomedan religion.
1914February12Andrews addressed  public meeting on Tagore at Cliti hall, Cape Town.
1914February17Gokhale left for  England.
1914February20Andrews addressed  University students at Cape Town.
1914February21Gandhi spoke at  farewell to Andrews, who later sailed for England.
1914February22Miss Valliamma  Moonsamy Moodaliar, a passive resister, died of illness contracted in Maritzburg Goal.
1914February24Madras league resolved  to depute Gokhale, Srinivasa Sastri and others to present South Africa Indians case in  England.
1914February26Smuts requested Gandhi  to postpone meeting him till Inquiry Commission’s report was out.
1914February27Gandhi wrote to  Gokhale from Cape Town expressing desire to return to India in case of settlement, observe  compact of silence for a year and learn at Gokhale’s feet.
1914March2In letter to Harilal,  Gandhi spoke of ailing Kasturba as "hanging between life and death".
1914March4Wrote to Robertson  about relief to Indians in regard to specific grievances.
1914March7Solomon  Commission’s report submitted to Government.
1914March9Lakshmidas Gandhi  passed away at Porbundar.
1914March11Gandhi wrote to  Chhaganlal Gandhi how to handle family matters in case of his death. Speaking in the  Senate, Smuts observed that Gandhi was allowed to function in South Africa as he did,  "because he never advocated methods of violence to overthrow the
1914March13In letter to Andrews,  Gandhi wrote "Mrs. Gandhi was near death’s door last week. I have therefore  done hardly anything else save nursing her during the last 10 days.
1914March16Bombay Committee for  South Africa cabled Gandhi for views on Reuter’s forecast about Commission’s  recommendations, requested him not to commit himself before consulting Committee.
1914March17Commission’s  Report presented to Parliament.
1914March17Reoberson left Cape  Town for Delagoa Bay en route to India. Viceroy addressed Imperial Legislative  Council on subject of Inquiry Commission.
1914March19Bombay Committee for  South Africa expressed satisfaction over Commissi9on’s recommendations, hoped passive  resistance would not be revived.
1914March22Transvaal Muslim  meeting condemned Solomon Commission’s recommendations on question of Muslim  marriage; HIS cabled SSI, others, recommendations violated religion.
1914March23Smuts announced in  Assembly that Government was considering Commission’s report and introducing  necessary legislation that session.
1914March24Union Government  Gazette published Proclamation requiring publication of banns for Mohammedan and  Hebrew marriages.
1914March25Cape Indians held  reception for Kasturba Gandhi, Imam Abdul Kadir Bawazeer, at Hindu Sabha; Gandhi was  presented with set of Cape Town Statutes, also contributions to passive resistance fund.  Gandhi analyzed in Indian Opinion recommendations of the Com
1914March26Accompanied by  Kasturba and Imam Bawazeer, left Cape Town for Phoenix.
1914March30Arrived at Phoenix.  Mr. And Mrs. Polak given farewell by Durban Indian Women’s Association.
1914April1In letter to Gokhale,  Gandhi expressed doubt about Kasturba’s survival. Andrews left England for  Marseilles en route to India.
1914April8Gandhi urged Ministry  of Interior to stop deductions for £ 3 tax indentured labourers’ wages, in view of  Commission’s recommendations.
1914April22Telegraphed Ministry  to order suspension of forcible tax collections. Smuts replied stating that suspension of  prosecutions for tax recommended to Minister of Justice.
1914MayBefore 6Urged Ministry not to  demand photos from Indian women seeking entry to the Transvaal, but accept local proof.
1914May6Wrote to Gokhale  asking whether he and Kasturba should meet him in London en route to India, in case  of final settlement.
1914May16Gladstone forwarded  SSC text of Indians’ Relief Bill.
1914May19Gandhi inquired of  Ministry date of introduction of Bill.
1914May20Ministry informed  Gandhi interview with Smuts possible for discussing Bill.
1914May22Gandhi left Phoenix  for Cape Town to meet Smuts.
1914May23Interviewed by The  Transvaal Leader at Johannesburg.
1914May27Met Secretary of  Interior, received copy of draft Bill.
1914May28Indians’ Relief  Bill published; Polak, interviewed by Reuter at Johannesburg, mentioned Gandhi’s  cable that Bill appeared satisfactory.
1914May29Polak wrote to The  Star anticipating end of struggle if administrative measures taken to implement Bill.
1914June1Smuts notified  Assembly of introduction of Bill next day.
1914June2Ficksburg Indian  community wired Gandhi demanding access to Fee State.
1914June5Gandhi wrote to  Gokhale that he would leave for India by mid-July in event of satisfactory settlement and  termination of struggle.
1914June8Bill read second time.  Anjuman Islam wired Gandhi to press for acceptance of thumbprints for identification.
1914June9Gandhi raised with  Gorges question of examination by immigration authorities of applicants seeking entry into  Natal.
1914June11Randeree wired Gandhi  that Bill vested in Government authority to declare 74,000 indentured Indians prohibited  immigrants. Gandhi sought from Gorges reassurance as to interpretation of Bill.
1914June15Rustomjee wired Gandhi  for clarification of position of indentured Indians under Bill.
1914June17Bill read third time,  referred to Senate. In India, Lokamanya Tilak released after 6 years’ exile in Burma.
1914June18First reading of Bill  in Senate.
1914June19Second reading of bill  in Senate.
1914June20Gandhi wrote to  Campbell denying Indian opposition to Bill, refused to believe Bill had effect of making  Indians prohibited immigrants. Rustomjee drew Gandhi’s attention to Mercury’s interpretation of Bill as adverse to indentured Indians.
1914June21Sir David Hunter  passed away at Edinburgh.
1914June22Gorges informed Gandhi  that Government had no intention to apply Bill adversely to indentured Indians.
1914JuneAfter 22Gandhi, in open  letter, asserted he would fight any injustice from Bill.
1914June24Gorges invited Gandhi  for discussions.
1914June26Relief Bill read third  time in Senate.
1914June27Gandhi had 2 hour  interview with Smuts at Cape Town. Addressed European meeting held to felicitate him on  passage of Bill.
1914June30Wrote to Gorges that  "passing of Indians’ Relief Bill …. Finally closed the passive resistance  struggle which commenced in September 1906".
1914July1Accompanied by  Kallenbach and Kasturba, left Cape for Phoenix; broke journey at Kimberley. Relief Act  received Governor-General’s assent; latter cabled Colonial Office that agreement had  been reached on "outstanding administrative points".
1914July1New Zealand introduced  Bill imposing language test to obstruct Asiatic entry.
1914July5Gandhi spoke at Durban  reception; stated at farewell banquet that Relief Act was act of justice, urgently needed  in Imperial interest.
1914July8Was presented with  addresses at farewell meeting in Town Hall, Durban.
1914July9Gandhi, Kasturba  honored by Gujaratis, Dheds; addressed sports’ meet.
1914July10Gandhi, addressed  farewell gathering at Asiatic Location, Pretoria.
1914July11Took leave of Phoenix  Settlement.
1914July12Addressed farewell  meeting at Verulam; left for Johannesburg.
1914July13Arrived at  Johannesburg in evening; taken in procession, addressed mass meeting at Gaiety Theater.
1914July14Given farewell banquet  at Masonic Hall, Johannesburg; C.K. T. Naidoo presented him four sons for national  service. Gandhi met European Committee,l discussed Provisional Settlement. Interviewed by The  Transvaal leader. Section of NIC, HIS protested to M
1914JulyBefore 15Gandhi addressed  valedictory letter to South Africa Indians.
1914July15Paid tributes to  Valliamma, Nagappen, passive resisters at memorial unveiling ceremony at Bloemfontein  Cemetery.
1914July15Addressed meeting of  TIWA, of Tamils and Muslims.
1914July16Arrived at Pretoria at  8 a.m.; spoke at Indian Location; left for Cape Town.
1914July17Reached Vereeniging.
1914July18Arrived at Cape Town;  taken in procession from Monument to docks, received address, made farewell speech;  interviewed by the Cape Argus. Released valedictory letter to South Africa Indians;  left for England on board s.s. Kinfauns Castle.
1914July20Gandhi’s farewell  letter published in the Press.
1914July22Indian Opinion announced  plan to issue "Golden Number" to commemorate struggle.
1914July24Gazette published  regulations regarding registration of marriages under Indians’ Relief Act.
1914July28Further regulations  under Immigration Act gazetted.
1914August2Germany violated  Belgian neutrality.
1914August3Phoenix Party for  India led by Maganlal gandhi given sendoff at Durban.
1914August4World War I broke out;  Gandhi received news in English channel; reached London.
1914August5In India, viceroy  issued war proclamation.
1914August7In letter to  Chhaganlal Gandhi, Gandhi complained of being ill with ‘old leg pain’.
1914August8Gandhi given reception  at Hotel Cecil, London, by English and Indians friends; Jinnah, Lala Lajpat Rai, Sarojini  Naidu were among those present.
1914August10NIC, Anjuman Islam  protested against Government’s demand for photographs for identification.
1914August13Circular signed by  Gandhi, Kasturba, Sarojini Naidu affirming resolve to tender unconditional service to  Empire, issued for signature by supporters.
1914August14Gandhi offered to  raise Indian Volunteer Corps for ambulance work.
1914AugustAfter 14India Volunteer  Committee set up with Gandhi as chairman.
1914August24Gandhi inquired of  India Office if Kallenbach could join Corps.
1914AugustBefore 26Started attending  classes for nursing wounded soldiers.
1914September3Appeared for First-Aid  examination.
1914September18Met Gokhale in London.
1914September22Issued general  circular appealing for volunteers.
1914October1Presided over  Voluntary Aid Corps meeting, attended among others by the Aga Khan, Kasturba, Sarojini  Naidu and Ameer Ali.
1914October3Indian Ambulance Corps  camped at Eastcote. Gandhi served members "….most remarkable lunch consisting of  assorted fr

 

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